General Surgert Needle Holders

Needle Holders

Needle holders are modified box-lock forceps designed to hold curved needles. The surgeon should thus be able to manipulate the needle with ease during suturing near the surface (short needle holders) or at a depth (long).

     Since the function of needle holders is to grasp needles the instruments look like artery forceps:

1.  Serration at the tips to prevent slipping of needle.

2.  Shafts with rings for thumb and fingers.

3.  Locking device.

     Fine needle holders are damaged by large needles and small needles are damaged by large needle holders. The varieties in use are:

•   Mayo needle holder 

•   Gillies needle holder 

•   Naunton Morgan needle holder 

•   Kilner needle holder 

•   Mayo-Hegar needle holder 

•   Microvascular (Doious) needle holder 

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General Surgery gastric & intestinal clamps

Gastric and Intestinal Clamps

Intestinal clamps are large self-retaining forceps with a primary function to occlude the bowel lumen.

     These clamps are indeed tissue forceps to allow firm holding of stomach and intestines.

     The non-crushing intestinal clamps do not cause permanent injury to the wall of the held viscus.

•   They occlude the viscus lumen and prevent spillage of infected bowel contents.

•   Temporarily occlude circulation in the bowel wall and thus keep the operative field free of blood.

•   Facilitate anastomosis by allowing the bowel ends to be approximated and manipulated.

     The varieties of clamps in use are:

     •   Doyen’s 

     •   Kochers 

     •   Lane 

     •   Lane twin anastomotic clamp 

     •   Lloyd Davies Rectal occlusion forceps 

     •   Payr intestinal clamp crushing

     •   Lang Stevenson 

     •   Parker Kerr 

     •   Zachary Cope crushing .

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GS instruments Tissue foceps

Tissue Forceps

Tissue grasping forceps are designed to grasp tissues without crushing them so as to allow their manipulation.

     They look like hemostatic forceps except that the blades approximate only at the tips leave a space along the shaft for the tissue held. The tips are usually made in the form of teeth to reduce tissue damage and improve grip.

     To facilitate dissection body tissues need to be held, maneuvered, freed and approxi­mated. These instruments have shafts, rings and locking device.

     Their holdings ends however have:

     •   Elasticity to reduce injury.

     •   Space to accommodate tissue.

     •   Narrow tips.

     The varieties are:

     •   Allis 

     •   Lane 

     •   Babcock 

     •   Littlewood 

     •   Stile 

     •   Duval 

            •           DeBakey lung forceps 

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Haemostats artery forceps

Hemostats

The function of hemostat forceps is to stop or prevent bleeding.

     They look very much like scissors and incorporate a rachet lock on spring steel handles and crushing jaws instead of blades.

     Artery forceps are primarily for holding open ends of bleeding blood vessels.

     The tips have serrations with or without teeth to provide a firm grip.

     There is also a locking device this allows the vessels to be held while others can be dealt with.

     The handles have rings to accommodate the fingers. The tissue is grasped between the jaw tips. The varieties are:

•   Spencer-Wells artery forceps 

•   Crile artery forceps 

•   Dunhill artery forceps 

•   Rochester-Ochsner forceps 

•   Kocher artery forceps 

•   Moynihan artery forceps

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