Wednesday, January 11, 2017

GENRAL SURGERY specialinstruments 3




     •   Dupuytren’s aneurysm needle  
     •   Joll aneurysm needle 
     •   Syme aneurysm needle  
     •   Satinsky clamp
 Dupuytren’s aneurysm needle, Joll’s aneurysm needle, Syme’s aneurysm needle are blunt needles with handles for passing behind vascular pedicles after they have been cleanly dissected the eye with the thread helps to deliver it behind the pedicle which can thus be ligated
     Satinsky’s vena cava clamp is for holding the side of a vein opening it or repairing it.

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Wednesday, January 4, 2017

General Surgert special instruments 2




     The other special instruments in use are:
     •   Thompson lithotrite 
     •   Turner Warwick calculus foreceps  
     •   Rendal renal calculus forceps 
     •   Millins boomrang needle

Thompson lithotrie is used for crushing stones inside the urinary bladder the stone pieces are then sucked out under negative pressure this avoids opening the bladder. 
     Turner-Warwick calculus forceps and Rendal renal calculus forceps are used to hold stones within the upper urinary tracts after exposing the kidney and ureter by surgery. 
     Millins boombrang needle is an instrument used to stitch the capsule of the prostate after a retropubic prostectomy
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Tuesday, December 27, 2016

General Surgery instruments special instruments 1








Special Instruments
To obtain tissue for histopathologic examination is an important part of a surgeon’s functions. Scrappings from cavities are obtained by Volkmann Scoop and Sims uterine curetMenghini needle and Silverman needle obtain access through unbroken skin and Walton rectal biopsy forceps and Chevalier Jackson biopsy forceps are for obtaining biopsy material under vision through proctoscope or a sigmoidoscope
     Biopsy instruments are used for obtaining material for histologic examination and those in use are:
•   Volkmann’s scoop  
•   Sim’s uterine curet  
•   Menghini needle  
•   Silverman needle  
•   Chevalier-Jackson biopsy forceps

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Sunday, December 18, 2016

General Surgery Instruments probes & dilaters






Probes and Dilators
Probes are used to gain entry to small (openings) to get information about their depth, direction and size; they are usually blunt ended. 
Dilators are used to investigate the patency and dilate hollow tubular passages. 
     Infection trauma and surgical accidents can result in healing by second intention in hollow organs this result in strictures. 
     In the past these strictures have been treated by dilatation. 
     The dilators have been made of metal or gum elastic. The agreed gauge has been utilized to ensure uniform size in all the sets. 
     This also helps the surgeon to choose the correct sized dilator. As dilatations are done gradually over a period of the time, the surgeon records the degree of dilatation achieved so as to start at the next level on the subsequent attendance. 
     Corticosteroids can also be used to minimum edema and fibrosis. 
     The dilators in use are:
     •   Lister 
     •   Clutton 
     •   Tuner-Warwick  
     •   Canny Ryall bougie 
     •   Jackson esophageal bougie  
     •   Neoplex  
     •   Bake’s bile duct 

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Wednesday, December 14, 2016

Genral surgery instruments skin hook retrators





Skin-Hooks and Retractors
Examples are:
•       Gillies skin hook
•       McIndoe skin hook
•       Kilner’s skin retractor
•       Alms skin retractor

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Wednesday, December 7, 2016

Geraral Surgery Instruments Self retaining retractors




Self-retaining retractors, i.e. Travers, Norfolk, Norwich, Balfours, Alms and Jolls have atleast two blades joined by a hinge joint or bar. It is thus possible to create lateral pressure against both margins of the wound. This helps to retain the retractor in position throughout the duration of the operation. 
         Thus freeing the hands of the assistant for assisting the surgeon in other ways. 
         Examples are:
         •       Travers (Fig. 8.98) 
         •       Norfolk (Fig. 8.99) 
         •       Balfour abdominal (Fig. 8.100) 
         •       Joll thyroid (Fig. 8.101).

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Thursday, December 1, 2016

Genral SURGERY INSTRUMENTS WOUND RETRACTORS








Wound Retractors
Good exposure is one of the requisites of successful surgery. Instruments designed specifically to improve exposure are called wound retractors. They can be hand-held or self-retaining. 
         The handle of the retractor is held by the assistant the retracting end is usually at a right angle to this. It smooth rounded with no sharp corner or edges to avoid injury to the tissues. The use of the retractor can be estimated from the depth to which this retracting end can go. 
         The varieties in use are: 
         •       Langenbeck  
         •       Ollier  
         •       Morris  
         •       Kelly  
         •       Deaver  
         •       Lloyd Davies  
         •       Czerny  
         •       Allison lung

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